Atomic Bomb Introduction of Nuclear Weapon - 3278 Words

In ww2 , the atomic bomb was dropped on japan to put an immediate end to the war and not draw other countries (i.e. the soviet union or china) into fighting combatively against the U.S. As far as foreign relations go, it proved to the world that the U.S was the most powerful country in that time ( superpower) . This also relates to several years later during the cold war. It prompted the Soviet Union to develop their own nuclear warfare. (i.e us comes out with hydrogen bomb and a year later USSR develops one). Its also the first introduction of Nuclear weapons to the world President Eisenhower, in a speech to the United Nations General Assembly, on December 8, 1953, stated, Even a vast superiority in numbers of weapons, and a†¦show more content†¦Instead, the Cold War was expressed through weapons development (the nuclear arms race), technological development (the space race), espionage and propaganda.Western democratic states churned out huge amounts of propaganda material throughout the First and Second World Wars, but practically decommissioned their propaganda machines post 1945. This is why most of the posters that we explore below have emerged from the Soviet Union or independent political activist groups, and not the West. the atomic bomb dropped in 1945. during cold war. how did it start the cold war? 1.caused the arms race 2. threatened the Soviet Union a. I dont know that the a bomb caused the cold war, but the fear of the a-bomb is what kept that war (mostly) cold. 1. If a person you perceived as your enemy had a big weapon, wouldnt you want to get a bigger one. b. The USSR, feeling threatened, produced its own bomb, and then the US/USSR began an arms race. At various times, the US produced more arms, orShow MoreRelatedAtomic Bomb: Introduction of Nuclear Weapon3290 Words   |  14 PagesIn ww2 , the  atomic bomb  was dropped on japan to put an immediate end to the war and not draw other countries (i.e. the soviet union or china) into fighting combatively against the U.S. As far as foreign relations go, it proved to the world that the U.S was the most powerful country in that time ( superpower) . This also relates to several years later during the cold war. It prompted the Soviet Union to develop their own nuclear warfare. (i.e us comes out with hydrogen bomb and a year later USSRRead More2017. Nuclear Weapons: A Very Short Introduction Review.1644 Words   |  7 Pages2017 Nuclear Weapons: A Very Short Introduction Review The first use of nuclear weaponry in warfare occurred on the morning of August 6, 1945 when the United States dropped the atomic bomb known as â€Å"Little Boy† on Hiroshima, Japan. The result was devastating, demonstrating the true power of nuclear warfare. Since the incident, the world has been left fearing the possible calamity of another nuclear war. Joseph Siracusa’s Nuclear Weapons: A Very Short Introduction explains aspects of nuclear weaponryRead MoreThe Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki671 Words   |  3 PagesThe Bomb The atomic bomb was initially created during the time period directly preceding, and including, World War II. Although the United States was the first nation to actually utilize this devastating weapon in a combat situation, it is significant to note that several other nations, including Russia and Germany, were also rapidly attempting to manifest the technology that could produce this devastating weapon. The U.S. utilized this weapon against the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki withinRead MoreThe Atomic Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki Essay867 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Today, I would discuss am unimaginable event witnessed as the blast heated beneath the ground at 5,000 degrees and contained the magnitude of 20,000 tons of TNT. This is the world’s first exposure to nuclear energy came with the detonation of two Japanese cities. By learning and understanding enables us to create a better picture of the world. In doing research, Steve Sheiken, an historical researcher concluded, â€Å"Of the 76,00 buildings that stood†¦70,000 were completely destroyedRead MoreThe Containment Of The Manhattan Project1298 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION: It all began in 1939 when Franklin D. Roosevelt found out that the Nazis were funding money and were attempting to build some sort of nuclear weapons. Roosevelt knew if the Germans had gotten their hands on an Atomic Weapon, the war would be over quick. Who knows what could’ve happened next? As a result Roosevelt acted fastly but strategically by funding the U.S’s own experiment to build atomic weapons. The secret codename for this project was named the â€Å"Manhattan Project.† The ManhattanRead MoreThe Atomic Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Today, I will discuss an unimaginable event witnessed as the blast heated beneath the ground at 5,000 degrees and contained the magnitude of 20,000 tons of TNT. This is the world’s first exposure to nuclear energy came with the detonation of two Japanese cities. Learning and understanding enable us to create a better picture of the world. In doing research, Steve Sheiken, a historical researcher concluded, â€Å"Of the 76,00 buildings that stood†¦70,000 were destroyed in Hiroshima (SheinkinRead MoreThe Nuclear Of Uranium And The Atomic Bomb1215 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Beginning in 1941 the exploration of uranium 235 and the atomic bomb began. The bomb would be used against Japan to end the deadly encounters during World War II in exchange for unconditional surrender. In 1945 the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima killing over 190,000 people and then another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki killing about 70,000 people. Japan surrendered bringing an end to the war but this was only the beginning of what is known as the nuclear age. HistoricalRead MoreOutline Of The Manhattan Project1621 Words   |  7 PagesProject was the American program for researching and developing the first atomic bombs because of the project it cost a lot of people their lives. Introduction Which President form the Atomic Bomb in why? The agencies leading up to the Manhattan Project were first formed in 1939 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt U.S. intelligence operatives reported that scientists working for Adolf Hitler were already working on a nuclear weapon. II. Why did the U.S join World War II and who were they alignRead MorePersuasive Essay On The Atomic Bomb1656 Words   |  7 PagesIntroductionï’ £ In 1945, two atomic bombs were dropped over Japan on Hiroshima and Nagasaki which resulted in thousands of civilian deaths and a detrimental impact on the environment. Some people would say that the bombing was necessary to end the war, but in the same breath would say that it was inhumane. Other standpoints say that Japan was already on their way to surrender. What would the world be like if the bombs weren’t dropped; or even created? Other Optionsï’ £ When thinking of other optionsRead MoreEssay on The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb1543 Words   |  7 PagesThe Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb On December 7, 1941, Japan bombed the United States naval facility known as Pearl Harbor. This attack brought the United States into World War Two. Within the four years that followed, the United States--under the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt-- researched and developed an atomic bomb. This was known as the Manhattan Project. Such a bomb was more powerful and destructive than any ever known to man. After FDR died on April 12,

Learn Vocabulary In Another Language Google-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Learn Vocabulary In Another Language Google? Answer: Introduction: According to Mena-Marcos, Garcia-Rodriguez, and Tillema (2013), reflective writing helps student teachers to better understand their teaching practice. However, as a student, the same concept is very important to me as it helps me understand the course materials compressively. Deliberate reflection by students encourages students to prepare, prepare, and analyze what they have learned. It applies more so if students are given tasks to perform (Zubizarreta, 2009; Jasper, 2005). Moreover, Spalding, Wilson, and Mewborn (2002) observe that reflection enable learners to acquire appraisal skills and tend to follow the laid down regulations with ease. Besides, Collins and Clarke (2008); DasGupta and Charon (2004) also found out that deliberate reflection usually supports construction of professional knowledge among learners. As such, undertaking this reflective report will be beneficial to me in my career path. This report will cover my learning goals which include; developing my academic w riting skills and developing critical reading and thinking skills. Additionally, other learning goals include developing my time management skills and learning how to navigate the university website effectively. Time management development Misra and McKean (2000) argue that time management has a way of influencing the performance of students in college. In particular, time management behaviors have a tendency of creating a buffering effect on academic stress among college students than activities they engage in during leisure. Intrinsically, poor time management has worked to my disadvantage on several occasions. In some instances, I was not able to carry out my activities on a priority basis since I could spend more time on social media as opposed to academic studies. This brought a lot of pressure to me when assignments were due or when we were about to sit for exams. In line with Anne Sen (2010), getting to remember such encounters can help in personal growth and a later professional development. Even though I did not take my studies seriously by allowing phone calls to distract me when studying, I endeavor to change my ways by giving priority to what matters. Sometimes, I could get penalized for submitting my assignments late just because of poor time management. Again, I did not plan adequately for the course. I lacked a timetable that guided my actions on the course. Such lack of direction hampered my confidence in the program. However, time management is regarded as an important component in any professional practice and work performance (Waterworth, 2003). As such, I did not follow this advice which eventually led me having more problems with my academics, and specifically this course. It is therefore important to manage time efficiently as it directly influences performance. Academic writing development According to Canagarajah (2013), academic writing tone is very significant in achieving academic success. Each and every filed has its tone of writing, vocabularies that are common with particular courses. Biber, Gray, and Poonpon (2011) argue that grammatical complexity is common in academic writing. For example, complex noun phrase constituents. It is therefore very important for students to write and uphold the requirements of a particular academic area. For instance, referencing materials of law studies usually use Oxford or Oscola (Meredith, 2011). In my course, I have been encountering challenges of converting my views effectively into English, lacking systematic presentation skills. I could murmur words when called upon to make presentations. The problem was worsened by the fact that I do not read story books, I was not serious with my previous studies, and I loved my native language as opposed to English. Learning other languages is very important as it helps one to adopt in new environments (Nation, 2013). The same concept applies to academic writing. Acquiring new skills to better my presentation, analysis, and conceptualizing of the course material will begin with mastering academic writing. Speaking and writing fluent English will not only boost my grades but also my communication skills. Furthermore, Covey (1990) suggest that personal habits are very integral in realizing the change we want. Realizing that I have a weakness in academic writing and working towards turning the table around is the first step for success. As such, I intend to polish my weak areas of the course so that I become among the best performers. Additionally, improving my academic writing skills will elevate my confidence since I am not able to express my ideas correctly. As an outstanding speaker, I will be at a level of empowering lives and acting as role models to other students. Developing critical reading and thinking skills Reading is a skill that enables one to express himself or herself (Turner et al., 2011). When we are able to speak and read articulately, our thinking skills are nurtured for the better. Turner et al., (2011) notes that thinking about activities enable us to adjust our activities and to fit in new situations. Furthermore, apt thinking skills increase our knowledge and are able to memorize and reproduce what we have learned. It goes further by enhancing our application skills, understanding various contents, having a different perspective of looking and handling situations. When these qualities become our going concern, then, we change as people and become valuable in the society. In this course, I was not used to reading various references and study guides as recommended by the lecturer. In addition, I lacked the confidence of sharing my ideas in class from asking questions on what I did not comprehend to making an improvement in my weak areas. However, Zan and Di Martino (2007) observes that positive attitude towards a subject is the key to understanding the subject. Even though the duo is talking about mathematics, the concept of learning is similar across all fields. It is therefore imperative for me to make up my mind and focus on passing this course. As of now, I have realized that is was my negative attitude towards the course that contributed to my underperformance in this course. As such, I developed difficulties in capturing what is taught and even what I used to read. Ideally, the dilemma was often propagated by my shift of focus to things that do not matter like social media and lack of seriousness. Moreover, Emrich, Thompson, and Moore (2003) ackn owledge that changing the mindset is the starting point of moving towards the right direction. I endeavor to change way perception of this course and generally my career for the better. Navigating the university website Turner et al. (2011) recognize that our thinking plays a vital role in whom we become. I have recognized the fact that I have a problem navigating the university website, specifically, the blackboard where tutors post course materials. In this course, I am not habituated with learning tools and assessment procedures, new to online learning technology, and not proficient in computers. These weaknesses have greatly interfered with my performance on the course. I have not been participating fully in lectures for fear of being asked a question. And therefore, I have failed to give my best to the course. I can also recognize the fact that by practicing, I can achieve my dreams. By becoming keen during training will help me grasp more techniques of navigating the website (Chretien, Goldman Faselis, 2008). Attending tutorials and asking questions about my SCU blackboard is the step of gaining my academic freedom on this course and other subjects. From that, I will not only be able to access class notes but will also acquire research skills. Taylor, Bogdan, and DeVault (2015) recognize that research skills help in carrying out studies with ease. As such, I will finish this course and my overall program a smart scholar. Conclusion Reflection on what we have been taught is the best way to capture and master what we learn daily (Melissa Craft, 2005). It is like keeping a diary of what we are doing daily. Reminding ourselves what we did and writing it down opens our minds to comprehend even perceived complex activities. Taking a step to horn my academic skills, reading and thinking skills is a step in the right direction to liberate my career. Moreover, working on my time management skills will not only instill discipline in me but also boost my self-esteem and confidence, which are recipes for success and achieving greatness. Besides, knowing how to navigate the web is an essential skill for any student. It helps nurture research skills as well as analytical techniques. Recommendation I recommend the following strategies to overcome various challenges facing my learning goals; provide sufficient time every day to learn from study guides and be familiar with Blackboard and fix the internet issues that is often slow for learning to take place. Additionally, I purpose to make a weekly session planner and go accordingly to help manage time accordingly and consider switching off my phone while studying for maximum concentration. Furthermore, make a clear vision of the short-term and long-term goal to achieve my academic goals and general career objective. To develop critical reading and thinking skills, I recommend to train myself to develop a reading culture and go beyond the prescribed coursework. Finally, to develop my academic writing skills, I prefer to practice writing through research on the website for general acclimatization of change and academic revolution. References Anne Sen, B. (2010). Reflective writing: a management skill.Library management,31(1/2), 79-93. Biber, D., Gray, B., Poonpon, K. (2011). Should we use characteristics of conversation to measure grammatical complexity in L2 writing development?.Tesol Quarterly,45(1), 5-35. Chretien, K., Goldman, E., Faselis, C. (2008). The reflective writing class blog: using technology to promote reflection and professional development. Journal of general internal medicine, 23(12), 2066-2070. Canagarajah, A. S. (2013).Critical academic writing and multilingual students. University of Michigan Press. Collins, S., Clarke, A. (2008). Activity frames and complexity thinking: Honoring both public and personal agendas in an emergent curriculum.Teaching and Teacher Education,24(4), 1003-1014. Covey, S. R. (1990). The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People: Restoring the Character Ethic (Fireside. New York). DasGupta, S., Charon, R. (2004). Personal illness narratives: using reflective writing to teach empathy. Academic Medicine, 79(4), 351-356. Emrich, K., Thompson, T. C., Moore, G. (2003). Positive attitude: An essential element for effective care of people with mental illnesses.Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services,41(5), 18-25. Jasper, M. A. (2005). Using reflective writing within research. Journal of research in nursing, 10(3), 247-260. Mena-Marcos, J., Garcia-Rodriguez, M. L., Tillema, H. (2013). Student teacher reflective writing: what does it reveal?.European Journal of Teacher Education,36(2), 147- 163. Melissa Craft, M. S. (2005). Reflective writing and nursing education. Journal of Nursing Education, 44(2), 53. Meredith, S. (2011). Oscola, a UK standard for legal citation.Legal Information Management,11(2), 111-114. Misra, R., McKean, M. (2000). College students' academic stress and its relation to their anxiety, time management, and leisure satisfaction.American Journal of Health Studies,16(1), 41. Nation, I. S. (2013).Learning Vocabulary in Another Language Google eBook. Cambridge University Press. Spalding, E., Wilson, A., Mewborn, D. (2002). Demystifying reflection: A study of pedagogical strategies that encourage reflective journal writing.Teachers College Record,104(7), 1393-1421. Turner, K., Ireland, L., Krenus, B., Pointon, L. (2011).Essential academic skills. Oxford University Press. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Waterworth, S. (2003). Time management strategies in nursing practice.Journal of Advanced Nursing,43(5), 432-440. Zan, R., Di Martino, P. (2007). Attitude toward mathematics: Overcoming the positive/negative dichotomy.The Montana Mathematics Enthusiast,3, 157-168. Zubizarreta, J. (2009).The learning portfolio: Reflective practice for improving student learning. John Wiley Sons.

UW-Stout College Essay free essay sample

It was the summer of 2008. I had just finished 6th grade. I was relaxing on the couch watching TV, when I overheard my mom talking with my aunt, who was visiting for the weekend. They are both into photography. They were talking about how they edit their photos and my aunt asks, â€Å"Did you use Photoshop or iPhoto?† I sat there—puzzled. I went up to them and asked, â€Å"What’s Photoshop?† My aunt, studying to get her graphic design degree, mentioned it is an application that allows you to edit your photos. Having my question answered, I went back upstairs. A few days later, the thought of Photoshop popped back in my head. I had to know more. What can it do? Where can I get it? I jumped on the computer and looked it up. As I typed the words into the search engine, my curiosity increased with every keystroke. We will write a custom essay sample on UW-Stout College Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Spending days, no, weeks, researching the fantastic product. Finally—I decided to buy it. For three years, I learned about the basics of photo editing. I was making abstract desktop backgrounds and basics things with the brush tool. I would run around and show people the things I have made because I was proud of my accomplishment. But I felt like it wasn’t enough. The summer before freshman year of high school, I finally saved up and purchased the full version of Photoshop. In the beginning, I learned how to make backgrounds for my computer and other basic things, but my skills grew quickly by spending time on YouTube, watching videos about Photoshop. After sophomore year, my concentration changed from desktop wallpapers and self-created images to photo-manipulations. That is where multiple images are combined to create a surrealistic space that may or may not be able to ever exist. Doing that allowed me to learn more about design and Photoshop. And by learning and sharing my art, I got recognized by people, which in turn, got me jobs to create designs for websites, and advertisements. That only made me want to be a Graphic Designer even more. Growing as an artist made me realize that art is something to be created not just for yourself, but for everyone. That being said, what I will bring to the campus is art, for everyone to see and enjoy, everyday.

Concept and Theories of Sociology as a Social Science

Concept and Theories of Sociology as a Social Science Definition of Sociology Sociology is a social science that studies human beings in their social setting including their descent, institutions, systems, organisations and their influence on societal development.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Concept and Theories of Sociology as a Social Science specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is concerned with understanding the structure and functioning of human society, how it changes over time and the forces that account for the changes. Sociologists thus study human beings in relation to the society and how human conduct, shapes the society and its structures and vice versa. Sociological imagination Sociological imagination is a critical field of criminology concerned with the relationship that exists between the beliefs of the society and the life as experienced in the society. It is the critical examination of issues against the contemporary views of the society. Individual s engaged in sociological imagination, find it pleasant to ask questions in order to get answers to what they observe. They do not rely entirely on what the society holds as true or false rather, they question the basis of its truthfulness or falsehood. Therefore, sociological imagination is concerned with the causes and outcomes of the interaction between various components of the society such as norms, motives and current occurrences in the society. Proponents of sociological thinking do not agree with the facts that are passed on in the society from one generation to another without testing the truth of these facts. Social and personal problems/issues Personal problems concern individuals and most often have no effect on the society as a whole. Social problems on the other hand, are issues affecting several people in a social setting. The difference between the two kinds of problems is that, a personal problem affects an individual’s living style and one is supposed to dea l with it for instance, incidences of obesity and unemployment among others. The social problem is one which cannot be avoided by the larger group since, all or most of the individuals are affected by it.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, the two forms of problems originate from the same bases most of the time. Both social and personal issues might originate from both the social setting and individual mistakes. For instance, lack of employment may be caused by lack of supportive institutions such as schools in the society or alternatively, an individual’s failure to capitalize on opportunities in the society. Some of the problems are very difficult to classify such as abortion. Structural Functionalism Theory of sociology Structural functionalism is the sociological theory which holds that the society is a system made up of very many components or parts w hich interact to foster stability. Each of these parts, has its important function that cannot be ignored since, it contributes to the successful operation of the society as a system. The major components of the societal system are; customs, traditions, norms, institutions and belief systems. These are social processes and structures which define the society by giving it form and distinctiveness.

Are Criminals Born or Made

There are numerous debates about what causes crime. Some people assume that criminal behavior is due to a person’s upbringing and life experiences (â€Å"nurture†). Others suggest that criminal behavior is more complex and involves a person’s genetic makeup (â€Å"nature†). Are people just born that way? Is criminal behavior pre-determined at some point in people’s lives? This paper will present how crime behaviors can be hereditary but most criminals are shaped by their environment factors instead. As the theories of genetic influences in crimes are undeniable; it should only be seen as an inclination of crime rather then the cause of crime (Raine, A. 1993 pg50). Hence, a criminal can be born but shaped and influenced by the society to cultivate the criminal traits in them. Social scientists have argued the nature-nurture debate for many years, both in the popular press and professional literature. Nature proponents argue that biological factors and genetic composition explain much of human behavior. Nurture proponents contend that environmental factors, such as family, school, church and community, are paramount in the development of behavior patterns. Besides, some traits, such as human intelligence, depend upon a complex combination of both hereditary and environmental influences. According to Pollak, that there is a new way of looking at these different experiences that turn different genes on or off (Pollak S. 2002). New research reveals that life experiences can alter the biochemistry of many genes- our moral development later in life changes our genes and is this could be hereditary. Cesare Lombroso, a 19th century Italian physician, reminded students that nurture, not nature, is responsible for criminal behavior. In contrast, Freudian psychoanalysis and the depth psychologies of Alfred Adler, Erik Erikson, Erich Fromm, Karen Horney, Carl Jung, Melanie Klein, Otto Rank and Harry Stack Sullivan focused on the dynamic unconscious (the natural instinct of a human), theorizing that the depths of human psyche integrates with the conscious mind to produce a healthy human personality. Nevertheless, many researchers show that criminal behaviors can be hereditary. Human genes carry many personality traits inherited from their ancestors and even from their parents. Lombroso, regarded by many as the father of criminology, is convinced that people are born criminals as it is in an individual’s nature to commit crime. Criminals have been found to carry a few certain features and personality traits. According to Darwin and him, we evolved from animals. In this theory, genes mutate and get passed on to each descendant, concluding that some people are predisposed to criminality and they are not the same species as humans (AllAboutScience. org, 2005). According to Sigmund Freud, all humans have criminal tendencies. However, the process of socialization curbs these tendencies by the developing of inner controls that are learned through childhood experience. Freud hypothesized that the most common element that contributed to criminal behavior was faulty identification by children with their parents. Improperly socialized children may develop personality disturbances that causes them to direct antisocial impulses inward or outward. The child who directs them outward becomes a criminal, and the child that directs them inward becomes a neurotic. In Freud’s theory of the Defense Mechanisms, he finds the cause of individual behavior in the unconscious mind (Freud, S. 1930). Sociobiology attributes â€Å"genetics as the only factor of behavior†. The mankind uses each one of them in everyday life. One clear example of man being biological is that at sometimes man can have animal drives and desires. This drive is driven by the idea and of free will that is taken for granted. Another theory Freud developed included the Id, Ego, and Superego (Freud, S. 1923). Here, personality has a definable structure with three basic components. The most primitive part of the personality, present in the infant is the Id, meaning â€Å"it† in Latin. The Id is an unconscious, irrational and immoral part of the personality that exists at birth (by nature), containing all the basic biological drives: hunger, thirst, self-protection, and sex. A component of personality, the id seeks immediate satisfaction of natural urges through primary process, without concern for the morals and norms of society. Ego and Superego deals with how the mind works conscientiously and unconsciously. It describes the behavior of the human body and motives of our actions. Freud was a pessimist when it came to human nature. He identified man’s weaknesses in saying that man is a biological creature with biological drives. He reflected these ideas from Darwin’s original ideas. In Freud’s views, the three parts of the psychic structure – id, ego, and superego are always in dynamic conflict. We are always unaware of the conflicts between the id, ego, and superego. According to psychodynamic theory, when a threat becomes especially serious, it may lead to intense inhibitions and defenses. These may be expressed as violence and aggression- inhibiting reaction. According to Freud, humans are defensive. This defensive mechanism is part of everyday speech and action. The lack of basic need stimulates the unconscious id and impels a person toward aggression which may later express itself in a tendency toward criminal behavior. If moral and social values are instilled from day one, an individual is given ‘will power’ as a tool for survival as well as the ability to practise self control. For example, Socrates, a Greek philosopher was analysed as brutal, sensuous and inclined to being a drunkard by a physiognomist. By admitting that the examination revealed his inner self, and learning to control it, he managed to overcome the negative side (Vold, B. , Bernard, J. amp; Snipes, B. 2002, pg32). The ability to control negative desires or mens rea is a natural thing. If we said that criminals are made by their surroundings and their social factors, we could safely say that criminals are shaped by bad influences or social status. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, when the basic need for an individual is not met or self esteem is threatened, the individual will turn on his or her defensive mechanism as reaction to this perceived threat (Maslow, H. 1943). Some resort to robbing and stealing food and necessities as a way of survival. Another basic need of humankind is the need for belonging and acceptance by others. Some might feel forced into criminal activities to enable them to live certain lifestyles that will achieve this aim. Because defensive mechanisms are unconscious, they are difficult to control. However, the psychologists of the 1950s and 1960s rejected this theory. Nevertheless, in recent years, the cognitive revolution has again made defensive mechanisms the subject of scientific investigation, and cognitive, developmental, and personality psychologists have found some evidence for their existence (Cramer,P. 2000). Carl Jung and Freud shared the same ideas and even theoretical concepts, including psyche, ego, consciousness, and unconsciousness (Somerfield, R. amp; McCrae, R. 000). But Jung greatly expanded the concept of the unconscious. Jung argued that the mind of the newborn infant is not blank slate, but is imprinted with forms from the past experiences that are common to all humans in the universe. One major challenge of our time is to discover the underlying causes of crime and to develop new techniques for preventing it. Although we should not ignore poverty, racism, joblessness, and other environmental factors which do influence criminals, biological and genetic factors may prove to be powerful predictors of criminal behavior. It is hoped that genetic tendencies toward crime, if they do prove to exist, can be modified by early intervention with such methods as psychotherapy, classes in effective parenting, and improved preschool education. Additional research on both genetic and environmental factors is necessary if we are to prevent the emergence of criminals like the serial killer Ivan Milat – â€Å"the backpacker murderer† in future generations. According to Lombroso and Ferri, there are four basic types of criminals. The first type is those who are born criminals. According to Ferri, this group constitute a third of all criminals. They are morally underdeveloped and epileptic. The second type is the insane criminals. This insanity is caused by a defect in their brains which causes them to be incapable from differentiating right from wrong. Intoxicated people are included in this group, since over consumption of alcohol has a similar effect on the brain. The criminal by passion is the third type, where according to Lombroso, these criminals are more likely to be females then male. They are usually urged by emotions or the need for revenge because of something or someone. For example, a mother who murders her husband who was found out to be the serial rapist of daughter. The strong emotions of betrayal and revenge for the overwhelming hurt done to her daughter would have driven her to the murder of her spouse. The fourth type of criminal is the occasional criminal. They comprise of a few categories. Firstly, the pseudocriminal who kills in self defense. Secondly, the criminaloid who are influenced by situations and circumstances to commit crime. Thirdly, the habitual criminals who are normally offenders of the petty crimes such as white collar criminals and last but not the least harmless, the epileptoid criminal who suffers from epilepsy. In conclusion, theories of genetic influences in crimes are reliable, but are only factors influencing crime, rather than its cause. Environment and parent care, peer pressure and human needs play a large part unearthing the underlying motives and causes of crime, because humans are intelligent creatures that learn from experience. Hence, crime is a human act that can develop as a reaction to one’s surroundings and nurture.

Net-a-Porter Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Net-a-Porter - Case Study Example Since its launch in the year 2000, the company Net-A-Porter have been able to successfully establish itself as a premium luxury brand selling online designer fashion clothing for women. Net-A-Porter with its innovation strategy along with highly developed offering have been able to achieve huge success and had also won award for the best shop at â€Å"British Fashion Week† and the best e-retailer in â€Å"UK Fashion Export Awards.† The online fashion retailer sells more than 150 top luxury fashionable brands and offers express delivery throughout the globe and delivery the items on the same day in Manhattan and London (Net-A-Porter, â€Å"About Us†). The paper aims to discuss the case study on Net-A-Porter and answer to some of its question in relation to the brand and its strategy. Therefore below are the answers to the questions asked for in the case study â€Å"Net-a-Porter.† What are the considerations that need to underpin decisions on the pricing str ategy? Pricing is one of the 4ps that a marketer needs to take into consideration before deciding on the strategy. It is an important aspect of marketing and also for branding strategy as it tends to be one of the first indicators of brand positioning for the consumers and also regarded as the most flexible Ps. It has been seen that prestige and luxury brands adopts the premium pricing strategy in order to emphasise the strength of the brand, high quality associated with luxury goods which also helps them to differentiate from mass fashion brands. The target audience for the luxury brand are comparatively less price sensitive and actually expects that luxury products to be highly priced rather than to be priced economically. Pricing tends to form branding process as the consumer tends to judge the position of the respective brand and its value through the adopted pricing strategy. In addition, luxury brands are those brands whose ratio of functionality towards price is low and the r atio towards situational utility and intangibility with respect to price seems to be high. This indicates that price of premium products is relatively higher as compared to the price of products having similar kind of tangible features but with high intangible quality along with associated benefits of premium products teds to justify the high price (Okonkwo 140). In addition to the above consideration while deciding on the pricing strategy, Net-A-Porter is an online luxury brand and thus online pricing premium strategy is also a consideration for the brand. The premium pricing strategy involves setting a higher price as compared to similar products. The premium pricing strategy also referred to as skimming pricing strategy as it is an attempt to â€Å"skim the cream† from the market. Based on the above definition Net-A-Porter premium pricing strategy will help it to maximise profit in areas where the customers are willing to pay more for the desired product. In the process of adopting the premium pricing strategy, price quality signaling is also an important and essential factor. With the premium pricing strategy Net-A-Porter can use to improve its brand identity in the specific given market. The higher price the brand demands signifies highest quality product and thus it will be convenient for the brand to charge high price. The next consideration is the level of competition among the brands in the same product segment. Premium pricing is a short term strategy; the longer

Lap report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Lap - Lab Report Example Apart from playing an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis in a constantly regenerating population of cells, such as the colonic epithelium, apoptosis also functions to destroy cells with DNA damage and prevent neoplasia. Inhibitor of apoptosis or IAP proteins are a class of anti-apoptotic regulator proteins which are characterized by the presence of baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domains. IAPs inhibit the activation caspases which are the key effector proteases of apoptosis, by directly binding to them through the BIR domains. Extensive evidence exists to show the involvement of the IAP family of proteins in oncogenesis, via their efficient suppression of apoptosis (Hunter et al., 2007). Survivin is a novel member of the IAP family of proteins with a potential dual role in apoptosis inhibition and regulation of mitosis. Survivin inhibits apoptosis by interfering with the function of caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 (Shin et al., 2001; Dohi et al., 2004). In addition to a poptosis inhibition, survivin is implicated in the regulation of the mitotic spindle checkpoint and the promotion of angiogenesis, and chemoresistance (Altieri, 2003; Mita et al., 2008). Several mitotic kinases, including the three Aurora kinases, Aurora-A, -B and –C kinases regulate the progression of the cell through mitosis. Lens et al. (2006) have provided evidence to show that survivin acts as a mitotic regulator. It functions as a subunit of the chromosomal passenger complex, which is essential for proper chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. In this complex, Aurora B acts as the enzymatic core, while survivin dictates chromosomal passenger complex localization. Survivin is uniquely placed at the border of both the cell-death machinery and mechanisms of cell cycle progression and microtubule stability (Dan et al., 2004). Survivin is a highly conserved 16.5Â  kDa protein with 142 amino acids. X-ray crystallography has revealed the protein to be an unusual bow tie-shap ed dimer with two ?-helical extensions (Chantalat et al., 2000). It interacts with the microtubules through the ?-helical extension at the carboxyl terminal. Expressed in the G2/M phase (Li et al., 1998), survivin is up-regulated in almost all cancers, including colon cancer, but has low or no expression in most normal, differentiated adult tissues (Duffy et al., 2007). Expression of survivin in cancer cells has been shown to promote tumorigenesis (Li, 2005), cancer progression, poor prognosis, shortened patient survival and resistance to chemo- and radiation therapies (Li and Ling, 2006). A number of signaling molecules, transcription factors and other ligands modulate survivin expression and/or function in cancer cells through transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional mechanisms (Zhang et al., 2006). Of these, regulation of its gene transcription is an important mechanism for the modulation of survivin expression. Sp1, a transcription factor is reported to be involved in the tran scriptional activation of survivin (Li and Altieri, 1999). According to Kim et al. (2003), an aberrant TCF/? catenin might cause the stimulation of survivin expression leading to enhanced cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis, thereby promoting the molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Zhang et al. (2000) demonstrated that APC mutation causes